Mitochondrial dysfunction, along with oxidative stress, is a key hallmark of various pathologies, such as aging, cardiovascular diseases, mitochondrial diseases, metabolic syndrome, cancer and neurological disorders, such as neurodegenerative diseases and neurodevelopmental disorders. We will also describe several reported studies on the current use of taurine supplementation in several mitochondria-associated pathologies in humans. Then, we will discuss the antioxidant action of taurine, particularly in relation to the maintenance of mitochondria function.

In this review, we will provide a general overview on the mitochondria biology and the consequence of mitochondrial defects in pathologies. Accumulating studies have shown that taurine supplementation also protects against pathologies associated with mitochondrial defects, such as aging, mitochondrial diseases, metabolic syndrome, cancer, cardiovascular diseases and neurological disorders. In 1985, taurine was first approved as the treatment among heart failure patients in Japan. Taurine was first isolated in the 1800s, but not much was known about this molecule until the 1990s. Taurine is a naturally occurring sulfur-containing amino acid that is found abundantly in excitatory tissues, such as the heart, brain, retina and skeletal muscles.

Taurine dosage tren